Organic Sicilian Garlic (lb)

Description

• Produces 10-15 cloves per bulb.
• Supports the cultivation of 70-100 plants per pound.
• High yield potential.
• Cold hardy, thriving even in the northernmost regions.
• Notable for its excellent flavor.
• Ideal for braiding, with a storage lifespan of up to nine months.
• Highly suitable for market gardening.

Growing Organic Sicilian Garlic: A Comprehensive Guide

Sicilian garlic, renowned for its robust flavor and excellent storage capabilities, is a favorite among both home gardeners and commercial farmers. This variety, categorized as an Artichoke garlic, is not only a heavy producer but also exceptionally cold hardy, making it suitable for various climates, including the northernmost regions. Below is a detailed guide on growing organic Sicilian garlic, covering everything from planting to harvesting and storage.

Choosing the Right Bulbs

When selecting garlic bulbs for planting, it is crucial to choose seed garlic that is organic and free from disease. Sicilian garlic bulbs can grow quite large, sometimes over 1/4 lb, making them an excellent choice for market gardeners due to their high yield and significant size. On average, you can expect 10-15 cloves per bulb, with 6-8 bulbs per pound. This translates to about 70-100 plants per pound of garlic.

Site Selection and Soil Preparation

Garlic thrives in well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Choose a sunny location for your garlic farm, as garlic plants require plenty of sunlight to develop strong bulbs. Prepare the soil by adding organic compost or well-rotted manure to ensure it is fertile and rich in nutrients. If your soil is heavy clay, consider adding sand or other organic matter to improve drainage.

Planting Time and Method

The best time to plant Sicilian garlic is in the fall, about 4-6 weeks before the ground freezes. This timing allows the garlic to establish roots before winter, leading to a stronger plant in the spring.
Separating Cloves: Carefully break apart the garlic bulbs into individual cloves, ensuring each clove remains intact with its papery skin. This skin protects the clove and helps prevent rot.
Planting Depth and Spacing: Plant each clove about 2-3 inches deep, with the pointed end facing up. Space the cloves 6-8 inches apart in rows that are 12-18 inches apart. Proper spacing ensures adequate airflow and reduces the risk of disease.

Watering and Mulching

Garlic requires consistent moisture, especially during the initial growth period. Water the plants regularly, but avoid overwatering, as garlic does not tolerate waterlogged soil. Mulching is highly beneficial for garlic. Apply a thick layer of organic mulch, such as straw or shredded leaves, after planting. Mulch helps retain soil moisture, suppress weeds, and protect the garlic from extreme temperature fluctuations.

Fertilization

Garlic is a heavy feeder, it benefits from a balanced fertilization program. Incorporate a slow-release organic fertilizer into the soil at planting time. Throughout the growing season, you can side-dress with compost or an organic fertilizer high in nitrogen to promote healthy leaf growth, which in turn supports larger bulb development.

Weed Control and Maintenance

Keeping your garlic bed weed-free is crucial, as weeds compete with garlic for nutrients and water. Regularly inspect your garlic farm and remove weeds by hand to avoid disturbing the garlic bulbs. Mulching significantly reduces the weed burden, but occasional weeding may still be necessary.

Pest and Disease Management

Sicilian garlic is relatively hardy and resistant to many common pests and diseases. However, it can still fall prey to issues like garlic rust, white rot, and nematodes. To minimize these risks, practice crop rotation, avoid planting garlic in the same spot more than once every three years, and ensure good air circulation around the plants. If you notice any signs of disease, remove affected plants promptly to prevent spread.

Scape Removal

In the late spring to early summer, garlic plants produce flower stalks known as scapes. While these are edible and can be harvested for culinary use, removing them encourages the plant to direct its energy toward bulb development rather than flowering. Cut the scapes as they begin to curl, ideally before they form full flower heads.

Harvestin

Garlic is typically ready for harvest in early summer when the lower leaves start to yellow and dry. Do not wait until all the leaves have died back, as this can lead to overripe bulbs that may split or be more susceptible to disease.

• Harvest Timing: Choose a dry day for harvesting. Loosen the soil around the bulbs with a garden fork, being careful not to damage them, and gently pull the plants from the ground.
• Curing: After harvesting, garlic needs to be cured to ensure proper storage. Hang the plants in bunches or spread them out in a well-ventilated, dry area away from direct sunlight. Allow the garlic to cure for 3-4 weeks until the outer skins are papery and the bulbs are fully dry.

Storage

Properly cured Sicilian garlic can last up to 9 months in storage. Store the bulbs in a cool, dry, and dark place with good air circulation. Braiding the garlic or placing it in mesh bags helps maintain airflow and prevents mold growth. Check stored garlic periodically and remove any bulbs that show signs of spoilage.

Propagation and Seed Saving

Sicilian garlic is propagated through cloves rather than seeds. Save the largest and healthiest bulbs from your harvest for replanting the next season. This practice ensures a consistent supply of robust planting stock and helps maintain the quality and characteristics of your garlic.

Benefits and Uses

Sicilian garlic is prized for its excellent flavor, making it a staple in various culinary dishes. It contains allicin, a compound with potential health benefits, including antimicrobial properties. Additionally, its high yield and good storage qualities make it a valuable crop for both personal use and market gardening.
Growing organic Sicilian garlic involves careful selection of planting stock, proper soil preparation, timely planting, and diligent maintenance. By following these guidelines, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of flavorful, long-storing garlic that enhances both your kitchen and your health. Whether you are a home gardener or a commercial grower, Sicilian garlic is a rewarding and valuable addition to your crop repertoire.